antya mūla

 Antyamūla means the “last” or “greatest root” in arithmetic and algebra, especially the second (or larger) root obtained when solving quadratic equations.

Core meaning

• Antyamūla (अन्त्यमूल) is defined in Sanskrit dictionaries as “the last or greatest root (in a square)”

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• It is a compound of antya (“last, final”) and mūla (“root”).
• It is treated as equivalent to antyapada, another term for the final or greater root in algebraic operations

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Technical meaning in ancient Indian mathematics (Gaṇita / Bījagaṇita)

• In classical algebra, antyamūla refers to the second root of a quadratic equation—the larger of the two solutions.
• Pṛthūdakasvāmī (9th century), commenting on Brahmagupta’s Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta, explains that after performing the prescribed operations, the resulting root is called the “greater root (jyeṣṭhapada)” or the “second root (anya‑mūla / antyamūla)”

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• Thus, antyamūla = jyeṣṭhamūla = jyeṣṭhapada = the greater root.
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Dictionary definitions

From the Sanskrit dictionary section of the same source:

• “Antyamūla — the last or greatest root (in a square).”

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• Classified as a neuter noun (antyamūlam).
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Related terms

• Antya (“last, final”) appears widely with meanings such as “final,” “lowest,” or “ultimate,” but in the mathematical context it specifically refers to the final or greater value

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• Mūla means “root,” both literally and mathematically.
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Summary

Antyamūla is a technical mathematical term in Sanskrit meaning:

• the final, last, or greatest root,
• especially the larger solution of a quadratic equation,
• synonymous with antyapada and jyeṣṭhamūla.