The Sanskrit term गजसाह्वयम् (gajasāhvayam) is a compound
word derived from गज (gaja) meaning "elephant" and साह्वय
(sāhvaya), which in the context of ancient texts often refers
to an arena, enclosure, or a royal establishment. Together,
the word is used as a proper noun, denoting a historical or
mythological city, palace, or region associated with elephants.
Key Points:
Reference in Srimad-Bhāgavatam:
In Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 1.8.45, gajasāhvayam refers specifically
to the palace or city of Hastināpura, the capital of the Kuru
dynasty.
Transliteration context:
"upāmantrya praviśya gajasāhvayam"
Meaning: "after informing, he entered the palace of
Hastināpura (gajasāhvayam)."
Historical/Mythological Significance:
It identifies Hastināpura, a mytho-historical city in northern India, associated with the Mahābhārata
heroes.
Some Sanskrit dictionaries describe it as the pāurāṇikaṃ
nagaraṃ, i.e., an ancient or puranic city.
गज (gaja) – elephant.
साह्वय (sāhvaya) – enclosure, settlement, or place for gathering,
particularly in royal or military contexts.
Literally, the term connotes “the city or palace where
elephants are kept” or metaphorically, “the majestic
royal capital”, reflecting its association with kingship and
grandeur.
Lexical Sources:
Dictionaries such as wisdomlib.org and online Sanskrit resources
(SanskritDictionary.com, Vedabase, and classical Sanskrit dictionaries)
confirm this usage as referring to Hastināpura, emphasizing its
historical and mythological context.
Summary:
In Sanskrit, गजसाह्वयम् (gajasāhvayam) primarily denotes
Hastināpura, the ancient royal city associated with the Kuru
dynasty, with a literal sense connected to elephants and royal
grandeur. It occurs in classical texts like the Bhāgavatam and
Mahābhārata to denote the palace or metropolis of kings,
particularly in narratives involving the Pandava and Kuru kings.
References:
Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 1.8.45 – usage in the text.
SanskritDictionary.com – definition: hastināpuram, paurāṇikaṃ nagaraṃ.
Wisdomlib.org – etymology and description of gajasāhvayam.
This makes gajasāhvayam both a toponymical term and a
contextual reference to royal authority and historical-mythical geography in Sanskrit literature.