The Sanskrit word “Yama” (यम) primarily means
“restraint” or “selfcontrol,” and in broader contexts
can refer to moral duty, forbearance, or the god of
death who upholds dharma and justice.
Etymology and Basic Meaning
one’s desires, passions, or harmful actions . In early Vedic texts, the term also means “twin” or “double,”
Philosophical and Ethical Context
The five classic Yamas are:
- Ahimsa: Non-violence or not causing harm
- Satya: Truthfulness
- Asteya: Not stealing
- Brahmacharya: Sexual restraint or fidelity
- Aparigraha: Non-possessiveness or lack of greed
measured diet (Mitahara), and cleanliness (Shauca) . These Yamas function as moral guidelines for spiritual and social
conduct, helping control ego-driven impulses and cultivate ethical
behavior.
Mythological and Puranic Context
Additional Contexts
- 3 Sources
Summary
The word “Yama” in Sanskrit is complex and context-dependent:
- Ethical/Philosophical: Restraint, control, moral discipline in Yoga.
- Mythological: God of death and justice, ruler over the afterlife,
- known as Yamaraja or Dharmaraja.
- General/Vedic: Twin, binder, or the principle of moral law.
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