The Sanskrit adjective apatrapiṣṇu means “bashful, modest, or easily ashamed,” formed from apa + trap with the iṣṇuc affix.
Core meaning
All major dictionary sources agree that apatrapiṣṇu (अपत्रपिष्णु) is an adjective meaning “bashful” or “shamefaced.”
This definition appears repeatedly in Sanskrit lexicons and grammatical sources .
This definition appears repeatedly in Sanskrit lexicons and grammatical sources .
Etymology and grammatical structure
- apa‑: a prefix meaning “away, off.”
- trap / trapa: a verbal root meaning “to feel shame, to be embarrassed.”
- 3 Sources
Thus apa‑trap‑iṣṇu literally means “one who is (characteristically) ashamed / bashful.”
Gender and form
The word is mfn. (masculine, feminine, neuter), with forms such as apatrapiṣṇuḥ etc., as noted in the lexicons .
Classical usage
The term is attested in classical Sanskrit literature, for example in Śiśupālavadha 8.46, where it describes bashful lovers .
In grammatical literature
The word is cited in Pāṇini 3.2.136, which governs the use of the iṣṇuc affix for forming adjectives .
Cross‑linguistic note
The Kannada dictionary glosses apatrapiṣṇu as “a timid, shy, and bashful man,” confirming the same semantic field .
Summary
apatrapiṣṇu is a classical Sanskrit adjective meaning bashful, modest, shy, or easily embarrassed, built from the root for “shame” with a standard adjectival suffix and used in both grammatical and literary contexts.
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