In Sanskrit, “svaṁ” (स्वं) generally means “one’s own”
or “of oneself,” and it is used reflexively to indicate self,
personal ownership, or actions done by one’s own accord.
Core Meaning
The root sva refers to “own, self, or belonging to oneself”,
and the form svaṁ is its accusative or reflexive usage in
certain contexts. It can denote:
- One’s own self or person (applicable to oneself or others)
- Possessions or property belonging to someone
- Innate, natural, or inherent qualities
- 3 Sources
Reflexive and Emphatic Usage
- 2 Sources
Philosophical and Spiritual Context
- 1 Source
Summary of Usage
- Pronoun/Reflexive: oneself, him/herself, themselves
- Adjective: one’s own, belonging to oneself
- Philosophical sense: personal volition, self-realization,
- or natural arising
- 2 Sources
In essence, “svaṁ” conveys the notion of selfhood, personal
ownership, and individual agency, and its exact nuance depends
on grammatical context and textual usage in Sanskrit literature.
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