Vipralabdhaḥ (विप्रलब्धः) in Sanskrit generally means
“deceived, tricked, or disappointed,” particularly in the
context of being cheated by a lover or material
circumstances.
Etymology and Basic Definition
who has been obtained wrongfully” or “cheated” . Grammatically, vipralabdhaḥ is masculine singular; the
feminine form is vipralabdhā (विप्रलब्धा), and it is used to
describe a female in poetic or dramatic contexts.
Classical Literary Contexts
Nāṭyaśāstra:
In classical Sanskrit dramaturgy, vipralabdhā refers to a heroine
who is deceived or jilted by her lover. One of the eight types
of heroines (aṣṭanāyikā) described in texts like the Nāṭyaśāstra,
she represents a woman disappointed because her lover fails
to keep an appointment or breaks trust, leading to emotional
distress or sorrow
.
Sanskrit Literature:
In broader literature, vipralabdhaḥ can describe anyone who
is tricked, cheated, or suffers disappointment. For instance, in
the Bhāgavata Purāṇa (Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 4.25.62), it is used
to describe King Purañjana who becomes cheated by material
existence, reflecting the sense of being captivated or deceived
unexpectedly
.
Poetic and Dramatic Use:
In Sanskrit poetry and dramaturgy, the term conveys emotional
nuance, emphasizing hurt, insult, or betrayal, particularly in
romantic or dramatic contexts
. The feminine form is especially associated with heroines affected
by love or misfortune.
Summary of Shades of Meaning
- Deceived, cheated, tricked
- Disappointed, frustrated, or hurt
- In poetics: a female jilted by her lover (vipralabdhā nāyikā)
- 2 Sources
In essence, vipralabdhaḥ / vipralabdhā conveys both literal and
metaphorical senses of being cheated or disappointed, often
used to convey emotional states of betrayal in literature, drama,
and spiritual texts.
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